The House
Public Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner summaries — categories, not the confidential annex. Dollar amounts are not published there, so they are not published here. Named holdings are on the public record.
Mark Carney
Blind trust covering prior Brookfield and related investment interests after taking office. · Standing recusals on Brookfield, certain financial-sector files, and prior Bank of England / private-sector clients.
Dominic LeBlanc
Cabinet recusals on files touching previously disclosed interests, filed with the Commissioner.
François-Philippe Champagne
Industry-portfolio recusals on files touching previously disclosed interests.
Anita Anand
Recusals on files touching previously disclosed academic and family interests.
Sean Fraser
Cabinet recusals on files touching previously disclosed interests, filed with the Commissioner.
Patty Hajdu
Cabinet recusals on files touching previously disclosed interests, filed with the Commissioner.
David McGuinty
Cabinet recusals on files touching previously disclosed interests, filed with the Commissioner.
Marc Miller
Cabinet recusals on files touching previously disclosed interests, filed with the Commissioner.
Jean-Yves Duclos
Cabinet recusals on files touching previously disclosed interests, filed with the Commissioner.
Joël Lightbound
Cabinet recusals on files touching previously disclosed interests, filed with the Commissioner.
Steven MacKinnon
Cabinet recusals on files touching previously disclosed interests, filed with the Commissioner.
Rachel Bendayan
Cabinet recusals on files touching previously disclosed interests, filed with the Commissioner.
Maninder Sidhu
Cabinet recusals on files touching previously disclosed interests, filed with the Commissioner.
Shafqat Ali
Cabinet recusals on files touching previously disclosed interests, filed with the Commissioner.
Jill McKnight
Cabinet recusals on files touching previously disclosed interests, filed with the Commissioner.
Eleanor Olszewski
Cabinet recusals on files touching previously disclosed interests, filed with the Commissioner.
Rebecca Alty
Cabinet recusals on files touching previously disclosed interests, filed with the Commissioner.
Chrystia Freeland
Recusals during finance tenure on files touching previously disclosed interests.
Jonathan Wilkinson
Recusals on files touching previously disclosed clean-tech interests.
240 members
Adam Chambers
Simcoe North
Residence · Securities · Pension
Adam van Koeverden
Milton East—Halton Hills South
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Ahmed Hussen
York South—Weston—Etobicoke
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Alain Therrien
La Prairie
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation · Liability · Outside activity
Alex Ruff
Bruce—Grey—Owen Sound
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Alexandre Boulerice
Rosemont—La Petite-Patrie
Residence · Securities · Pension
Alexis Brunelle-Duceppe
Lac-Saint-Jean
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability · Outside activity
Ali Ehsassi
Willowdale
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability · Outside activity
Andréanne Larouche
Shefford
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation
Andrew Scheer
Regina—Qu'Appelle
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Anita Anand
Oakville East
Residence · Securities · Recusal
Anna Gainey
Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Anthony Housefather
Mount Royal
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Arnold Viersen
Peace River—Westlock
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Bardish Chagger
Waterloo
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property
Ben Carr
Winnipeg South Centre
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Bernard Généreux
Côte-du-Sud—Rivière-du-Loup—Kataskomiq—Témiscouata
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation · Liability
Bill Blair
Scarborough Southwest
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Blaine Calkins
Ponoka—Didsbury
Residence · Securities · Pension
Blake Desjarlais
Edmonton Griesbach
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Blake Richards
Airdrie—Cochrane
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation
Bobby Morrissey
Egmont
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation · Liability
Bonita Zarrillo
Port Moody—Coquitlam
Residence · Securities · Pension
Brad Redekopp
Saskatoon West
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Brad Vis
Mission—Matsqui—Abbotsford
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Branden Leslie
Portage—Lisgar
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability · Outside activity
Brendan Hanley
Yukon
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Buckley Belanger
Desnethé—Missinippi—Churchill River
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation · Liability
Burton Bailey
Red Deer
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability · Outside activity
Carol Anstey
Long Range Mountains
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Cathay Wagantall
Yorkton—Melville
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Chandra Arya
Nepean
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability · Outside activity
Charlie Angus
Timmins—James Bay
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability
Cheryl Gallant
Algonquin—Renfrew—Pembroke
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property
Chris d'Entremont
Acadie—Annapolis
Residence · Private corporation · Securities
Chris Lewis
Essex
Residence · Securities · Pension
Chris Warkentin
Grande Prairie
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation
Christine Normandin
Saint-Jean
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Chrystia Freeland
University—Rosedale
Residence · Outside activity · Securities · Recusal
Churence Rogers
Bonavista—Burin—Trinity
Residence · Securities · Pension
Claude DeBellefeuille
Beauharnois—Salaberry—Soulanges—Huntingdon
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Clifford Small
Central Newfoundland
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Colin Carrie
Oshawa
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation · Liability
Corey Tochor
Saskatoon—University
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation · Liability
Costas Menegakis
Aurora—Oak Ridges—Richmond Hill
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Damien Kurek
Battle River—Crowfoot
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property
Dan Albas
Okanagan Lake West—South Kelowna
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability · Outside activity
Dan Mazier
Riding Mountain
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Dan Muys
Flamborough—Glanbrook—Brant North
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Dane Lloyd
Parkland
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability · Outside activity
Daniel Blaikie
Elmwood—Transcona
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Private corporation
Danielle Martin
University—Rosedale
Residence · Outside activity · Pension
Darren Fisher
Dartmouth—Cole Harbour
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Dave Epp
Chatham-Kent—Leamington
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
David Bexte
Bow River
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability · Outside activity
David McGuinty
Ottawa South
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Private corporation · Recusal
Dean Allison
Niagara West
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation · Liability · Outside activity
Doly Begum
Scarborough Southwest
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Dominic LeBlanc
Beauséjour
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability · Recusal
Dominique Vien
Bellechasse—Les Etchemins—Lévis
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Don Davies
Vancouver Kingsway
Residence · Securities · Pension
Doug Shipley
Barrie—Springwater—Oro-Medonte
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation · Liability
Eleanor Olszewski
Edmonton Centre
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability · Recusal
Élisabeth Brière
Sherbrooke
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Elizabeth May
Saanich—Gulf Islands
Residence · Outside activity · Securities
Emmanuella Lambropoulos
Saint-Laurent
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability
Eric Duncan
Stormont—Dundas—Glengarry
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation · Liability
Eric Melillo
Kenora—Kiiwetinoong
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Francesco Sorbara
Vaughan—Woodbridge
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Private corporation · Liability
Francis Scarpaleggia
Lac-Saint-Louis
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
François-Philippe Champagne
Saint-Maurice—Champlain
Residence · Securities · Recusal
Frank Caputo
Kamloops—Thompson—Nicola
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Private corporation · Liability · Outside activity
Fraser Tolmie
Moose Jaw—Lake Centre—Lanigan
Residence · Securities · Pension
Gabriel Ste-Marie
Joliette—Manawan
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Garnett Genuis
Sherwood Park—Fort Saskatchewan
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability · Outside activity
Ginette Petitpas Taylor
Moncton—Dieppe
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability · Outside activity
Glen Motz
Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability · Outside activity
Gord Johns
Courtenay—Alberni
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability · Outside activity
Greg Fergus
Hull—Aylmer
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation · Liability
Greg McLean
Calgary Centre
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Gregor Robertson
Vancouver Fraserview—South Burnaby
Residence · Private corporation · Securities
Heath MacDonald
Malpeque
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Heather McPherson
Edmonton Strathcona
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Hedy Fry
Vancouver Centre
Residence · Securities · Pension
Helena Jaczek
Markham—Stouffville
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Iqwinder Gaheer
Mississauga—Malton
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Jagmeet Singh
Burnaby South
Residence · Private corporation · Securities
Jake Stewart
Miramichi—Grand Lake
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
James Bezan
Selkirk—Interlake—Eastman
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability · Outside activity
Jamie Schmale
Haliburton—Kawartha Lakes
Residence · Securities · Pension
Jasraj Singh Hallan
Calgary East
Residence · Securities · Pension
Jean-Denis Garon
Mirabel
Residence · Securities · Pension
Jean-Yves Duclos
Québec Centre
Residence · Securities · Pension · Recusal
Jenna Sudds
Kanata
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation · Liability
Jenny Kwan
Vancouver East
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Jeremy Patzer
Swift Current—Grasslands—Kindersley
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Jill McKnight
Delta
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability · Recusal
Joanne Thompson
St. John's East
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Joël Lightbound
Louis-Hébert
Residence · Securities · Pension · Recusal
John Barlow
Foothills
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability · Outside activity
John Brassard
Barrie South—Innisfil
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
John McKay
Scarborough—Guildwood
Residence · Securities · Pension
John Nater
Perth—Wellington
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
John Williamson
Saint John—St. Croix
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability · Outside activity
Jonathan Wilkinson
North Vancouver—Capilano
Residence · Securities · Recusal
Judy Sgro
Humber River—Black Creek
Residence · Securities · Pension
Julie Dabrusin
Toronto—Danforth
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Julie Dzerowicz
Davenport
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property
Julie Vignola
Beauport—Limoilou
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation · Liability
Justin Trudeau
Papineau
Residence · Securities · Gifts / travel · Pension
Kamal Khera
Brampton West
Residence · Securities · Pension
Karina Gould
Burlington
Residence · Securities · Pension
Kelly Block
Carlton Trail—Eagle Creek
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Kelly McCauley
Edmonton West
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Ken Hardie
Fleetwood—Port Kells
Residence · Securities · Pension
Kent MacDonald
Cardigan
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Kerry Diotte
Edmonton Griesbach
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability · Outside activity
Kevin Lamoureux
Winnipeg North
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Kevin Waugh
Saskatoon South
Residence · Securities · Pension
Kirsty Duncan
Etobicoke North
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation · Liability
Kody Blois
Kings—Hants
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Kristina Michaud
Avignon—La Mitis—Matane—Matapédia
Residence · Securities · Pension
Kyle Seeback
Dufferin—Caledon
Residence · Securities · Pension
Laila Goodridge
Fort McMurray—Cold Lake
Residence · Securities · Pension
Larry Brock
Brantford—Brant South—Six Nations
Residence · Securities · Pension
Laurel Collins
Victoria
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Leah Gazan
Winnipeg Centre
Residence · Securities · Pension
Lena Diab
Halifax West
Residence · Securities · Pension
Leslyn Lewis
Haldimand—Norfolk
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Lori Idlout
Nunavut
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Louis Plamondon
Bécancour—Nicolet—Saurel—Alnôbak
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation · Liability
Louise Chabot
Thérèse-De Blainville
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Luc Berthold
Mégantic—L'Érable—Lotbinière
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Private corporation · Liability · Outside activity
Luc Desilets
Rivière-des-Mille-Îles
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Mandy Gull-Masty
Abitibi—Baie-James—Nunavik—Eeyou
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation · Liability
Maninder Sidhu
Brampton East
Residence · Securities · Pension · Recusal
Marc Dalton
Pitt Meadows—Maple Ridge
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Marc Miller
Ville-Marie—Le Sud-Ouest—Île-des-Sœurs
Residence · Securities · Pension · Recusal
Marco Mendicino
Eglinton—Lawrence
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property
Marie-France Lalonde
Orléans
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Marie-Hélène Gaudreau
Laurentides—Labelle
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Marilène Gill
Côte-Nord—Kawawachikamach—Nitassinan
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Marilyn Gladu
Sarnia—Lambton—Bkejwanong
Residence · Pension · Securities
Mario Beaulieu
La Pointe-de-l'Île
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability · Outside activity
Mark Carney
Nepean
Blind trust · Recusal · Residence · Securities · Outside activity
Mark Gerretsen
Kingston and the Islands
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability
Martin Champoux
Drummond
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Private corporation · Liability
Matt Jeneroux
Edmonton Riverbend
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability · Outside activity
Matthew Green
Hamilton Centre
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Mel Arnold
Kamloops—Shuswap—Central Rockies
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Private corporation · Liability · Outside activity
Mélanie Joly
Ahuntsic-Cartierville
Residence · Securities · Outside activity
Melissa Lantsman
Thornhill
Residence · Securities · Pension
Michael Barrett
Leeds—Grenville—Thousand Islands—Rideau Lakes
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation
Michael Chong
Wellington—Halton Hills North
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Private corporation
Michael Cooper
St. Albert—Sturgeon River
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Michael Ma
Markham—Unionville
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Michelle Rempel Garner
Calgary Nose Hill
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property
Mike Lake
Leduc—Wetaskiwin
Residence · Securities · Pension
Mike Morrice
Kitchener Centre
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Mona Fortier
Ottawa—Vanier—Gloucester
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability · Outside activity
Nate Erskine-Smith
Beaches—East York
Residence · Securities · Outside activity
Nathalie Provost
Châteauguay—Les Jardins-de-Napierville
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation
Nathalie Sinclair-Desgagné
Terrebonne
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability
Parm Bains
Steveston—Richmond East
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Pat Kelly
Calgary Crowfoot
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability · Outside activity
Patricia Lattanzio
Saint-Léonard—Saint-Michel
Residence · Securities · Pension
Patrick Weiler
West Vancouver—Sunshine Coast—Sea to Sky Country
Residence · Securities · Pension
Patty Hajdu
Thunder Bay—Superior North
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability · Outside activity · Recusal
Paul Connors
Avalon
Residence · Securities · Pension
Peter Fonseca
Mississauga East—Cooksville
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Peter Julian
New Westminster—Burnaby
Residence · Securities · Pension
Philip Earle
Labrador
Residence · Securities · Pension
Philip Lawrence
Northumberland—Clarke
Residence · Securities · Pension
Pierre Poilievre
Battle River—Crowfoot
Residence · Rental property · Securities · Pension
Rachael Thomas
Lethbridge
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Rachel Bendayan
Outremont
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation · Recusal
Randeep Sarai
Surrey Centre
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Randy Hoback
Prince Albert
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability · Outside activity
Raquel Dancho
Kildonan—St. Paul
Residence · Securities · Pension
Rebecca Alty
Northwest Territories
Residence · Securities · Pension · Recusal
Rebecca Chartrand
Churchill—Keewatinook Aski
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Rechie Valdez
Mississauga—Streetsville
Residence · Securities · Pension
René Villemure
Trois-Rivières
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation · Liability
Richard Bragdon
Tobique—Mactaquac
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Richard Martel
Chicoutimi—Le Fjord
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability · Outside activity
Rob Morrison
Kootenay—Columbia
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability · Outside activity
Rob Oliphant
Don Valley West
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability
Ron McKinnon
Coquitlam—Port Coquitlam
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability · Outside activity
Rosemarie Falk
Battlefords—Lloydminster—Meadow Lake
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Private corporation · Liability
Ruby Sahota
Brampton North—Caledon
Residence · Securities · Pension
Ryan Turnbull
Whitby
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability · Outside activity
Ryan Williams
Bay of Quinte
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability
Salma Zahid
Scarborough Centre—Don Valley East
Residence · Securities · Pension
Sameer Zuberi
Pierrefonds—Dollard
Residence · Securities · Pension
Scot Davidson
New Tecumseth—Gwillimbury
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Scott Aitchison
Parry Sound—Muskoka
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation
Scott Reid
Lanark—Frontenac
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Seamus O'Regan
St. John's South—Mount Pearl
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property
Sean Casey
Charlottetown
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property
Sean Fraser
Central Nova
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability · Outside activity · Recusal
Sébastien Lemire
Abitibi—Témiscamingue
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability
Shafqat Ali
Brampton—Chinguacousy Park
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Recusal
Shannon Stubbs
Lakeland
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability · Outside activity
Shaun Chen
Scarborough North
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Shelby Kramp-Neuman
Hastings—Lennox and Addington—Tyendinaga
Residence · Securities · Pension
Shuvaloy Majumdar
Calgary Heritage
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability · Outside activity
Simon-Pierre Savard-Tremblay
Saint-Hyacinthe—Bagot—Acton
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability · Outside activity
Soraya Martínez Ferrada
Hochelaga
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation
Steeve Lavoie
Beauport—Limoilou
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation · Liability · Outside activity
Stephanie Kusie
Calgary Midnapore
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Stephanie McLean
Esquimalt—Saanich—Sooke
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Steven Guilbeault
Laurier—Sainte-Marie
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation · Liability
Steven MacKinnon
Gatineau
Residence · Securities · Pension · Recusal
Sukh Dhaliwal
Surrey—Newton
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Tako Van Popta
Langley Township—Fraser Heights
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Tatiana Auguste
Terrebonne
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property
Ted Falk
Provencher
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Terry Beech
Burnaby North—Seymour
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation
Terry Dowdall
Simcoe—Grey
Residence · Securities · Pension
Terry Duguid
Winnipeg South
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation · Liability · Outside activity
Tim Louis
Kitchener—Conestoga
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability
Tim Uppal
Edmonton Gateway
Residence · Securities · Pension
Todd Doherty
Cariboo—Prince George
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Tom Kmiec
Calgary Shepard
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Private corporation · Liability
Tom Osborne
Cape Spear
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Private corporation · Liability
Tony Baldinelli
Niagara Falls—Niagara-on-the-Lake
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Private corporation · Liability · Outside activity
Tracy Gray
Kelowna
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Valerie Bradford
Kitchener South—Hespeler
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability
Vance Badawey
Niagara Centre
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability · Outside activity
Warren Steinley
Regina—Lewvan
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Private corporation · Liability
Wayne Long
Saint John—Kennebecasis
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
William Stevenson
Yellowhead
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability
Wilson Miao
Richmond Centre—Marpole
Residence · Securities · Pension
Xavier Barsalou-Duval
Pierre-Boucher—Les Patriotes—Verchères
Residence · Securities · Pension
Ya'ara Saks
York Centre
Residence · Securities · Pension · Rental property · Liability · Outside activity
Yasir Naqvi
Ottawa Centre
Residence · Securities · Pension · Liability
Yvan Baker
Etobicoke Centre
Residence · Securities · Pension · Private corporation
Yves Perron
Berthier—Maskinongé
Residence · Securities · Pension
Yves-François Blanchet
Beloeil—Chambly
Residence · Private corporation · Securities
Ziad Aboultaif
Edmonton Manning
Residence · Securities · Pension · Farm / land · Liability